The battle of Java vs Python is nothing less than that of these top rivalry. Both the programming languages have gained limelight in the coding world in different aspects. They have different use cases and even fan bases. In fact, they are used as a metaphor to showcase things entirely different/incompatible.

However, there’s one common factor between them: Both have survived and remain on the top in the programming world since 2000. They have outshined in the market despite the bustling hassle due to the advent of new programming languages. 

But, how did they make this possible? And can they beat each other in the coding world as well? 

Let’s dive into the programming environment and find out in this article.

Before we begin, let’s look through the prism of history and know the history and pros of python and java.

A Basic Introduction to Java Programming Language

Java is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed back in 1995 by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems. The language supports the idea of WORA (Write Once, Run Anywhere) and has a syntax similar to that of C and C++. 

It is one of the most popular programming languages in the market with a reported 9 million mobile app developers loving it. A fondness that has been a ripple effect of the benefits it offers to the development environment :-

Pros of Considering Java Programming Language

1. Java is free, simple, distributed, and object-oriented programming language with support for multithreading programming concept.
2. It comes with exciting features like try-with-resources, generics, etc., along with automatic garbage collection and seamless memory management models. This makes it a great option for creating highly robust and reliable applications.
3. Java, since Java SE version 8 (JDK 8), is being updated with functional programming features like Lambda Expressions and Functional interfaces. This enhances the code flexibility, which also counts to the advantages of Java.
4. Additionally, the language is platform-independent. Meaning, its code can run across different platforms including desktops, mobiles, and embedded systems.

[KNOW MORE: Oracle Releases Java 13 with Remarkable New Features]

With this covered, let’s take a turn towards Python, before deciding the winner of the Java vs Python war.

A Basic Introduction to Python Programming Language

Python is a dynamically-typed general purpose programming language developed by Guido van Rossum in 1990. The original intent behind its development was to bridge the gap between C and the shell, and simplify the process of creating system administration utilities. But, later its use was expanded to other development areas also.

The language bagged the title of ‘Programming Language Hall of Fame’ for 2018 because of the plethora of advantages it offers, such as:

Benefits of Considering Python Programming Language

1. One of the prime advantages of Python is that it is open-source and free-to-use.
2. The Python Package Index (PyPI) has varied third-party modules that eases interaction with other programming languages and platforms, including C, C++, C#, VB, and Perl.
3. The programming language has a built-in list and dictionary data structures that makes it easier to construct fast runtime data structures. 
4. It offers the functionality of dynamic high-level typing and a wide range of standard libraries related to string operations, operating system interfaces and protocols, web service tools, and more. These reduces the code length and developers’ efforts while working with Python.

Now as we have taken a look into the basics of both Java and Python, it is likely that you are familiar with the similarities and differences between the two languages. So, let’s not wait anymore and turn towards the core part of the article, i.e, Java vs Python comparison.

(Also read: PHP vs Python: Which Language Is Dominating The Market?)

Factors to Consider When Comparing Python and Java

1. Market Popularity

The foremost factor to consider is the market popularity.

Though Java’s popularity has declined since the advent of Kotlin, the language is still popular in the market. And when it comes to Python, the language is enjoying astronomically higher growth in the development arena.

This gives a clear indication that both the programming languages are the right options to start your career with, in the present scenario.

2. Architecture

In case of Java, Java Virtual Machine (JVM) – a chunk of JRE (Java Run Environment) – provides the runtime environment to operate the code. It converts Java bytecode into machine language which can be directly compiled at the time of execution. This eventually offers a seamless architectural experience to developers.

And when focusing on Python from architecture front, the interpreter translates source code into machine-independent bytecode. It then stores the bytecode file in some folder. When you run the same program, it employs the bytecode without translating it again. These bytecode are then shipping to PVM, where the actual code executes. 

3. Ease to Use

Since Python follows a dynamic programming concept, the codes are short, and much easier to use than those written in Java. 

Because of this, Python lead the ‘Java vs Python’ battle.

4. Speed and Efficiency

Java comes with a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler which compiles bytecode into native machine code in real-time, and JVM that calls the compiled code directly. Now, since code need not be interpreted, compiling process does not consume much time and memory. This eventually adds to the speed and efficiency of the development environment.

However, in the case of Python, codes are interpreted based on the variable time, which slows down the pace of compilation during runtime. Also, since the object type of objects is obtained from container objects, higher memory is consumed. This reduces the speed and efficiency of the language.

This makes Python lag behind Java in the ‘Java vs Python’ battle in terms of performance.

5. Code Readability

Python has a linear and less dispersed coding format, when compared to Java. For example, there is no need to put a semicolon at the end of every station. Also, the curly braces are not much practised. 

This, as a whole, makes it easier to read and understand Python codes when compared to Java.

6. Practical Agility

When it comes to agile environment, both Java and Python are second to none. 

On one side, Java is considered a rigid option due to its undeviating refactoring support and universality of IDEs in development (such as Eclipse, IntelliJ, and NetBeans). Something that makes it an optimal option for embracing web and mobile app technology.

While, on the other side, Python already enjoys a presence in the agile domain and python has been a favorable language for developing apps having IoT, AI, Machine Learning, and more.

7. Database Opportunity

Python’s database access layers are weakly active when compared to Java’s JDBC (Java DataBase Connectivity). Because of this, Java gets the privilege to easily connect with different databases like SQL and SQOOP, which eventually makes it more suitable for Enterprise app development solutions.

8. Development Options

In terms of development, both the programming languages offer ample opportunities. Something, which again make it difficult to find which one has an edge over the other.

Java is chosen as the best programming language for building:-

• Desktop GUI apps
• Embedded Systems
• Web applications, including back-office electronic trading systems, data processing, and e-commerce applications.
• Web and Application services
• Mobile applications
• Middleware products
• Enterprise solutions, and more.

Whereas, Python is recommended for developing:- 

• Image processing and Graphic design apps
• Games
• Computational applications
• Machine Learning apps
• Operating Systems
• Language development
• Web frameworks and Web applications
• Prototyping, and more.

9. Community Support

Again, both Java and Python enjoys a wide community support. 

Python has a strong community of over 1,637 Python user groups in around 37 countries and191 cities. These user groups organize various events, including PyLadies meetups where women meet and code together.

Whereas, when talking about Java, it also has a large and vibrant community support. There are several Java User Groups (JUGs) across the globe. Also, there are various high-profile events like JavaOne organized by the Java programmers.

10. Job Opportunities and Salaries

Both Java and Python, as revealed by Gooroo, have the potential to offer a profitable future to developers. Both languages are highly in demand in the marketplace, something that can be understood from the number of monthly jobs advertised related to them.

While this proves the number of job opportunities for Java and Python developers, it’s the best time to have a look at the average salary details for these two skills between 2017 and 2019. Something that will help developers to determine which one of the two offers more salary.

While these Java vs Python comparison factors will give you a glimpse of the two coding world, it won’t be enough to choose between the two languages. They have not-so-significant- similarities and differences that make it difficult to choose one. So, it is better to consult with renowned full stack developers to make a sound decision.

Frequently Asked Questions about ‘Java vs Python’  Coding Battle

1. What is the difference between Java and Python?

While there are various differences between the two, the prime difference between Java and Python is that the former is statically typed and the latter is dynamically typed.

2. Which is faster Python or Java?

Java is faster than Python because of JIT compiler and JVM.

3. Is it better to learn Python or Java?

It is tough to say which one is the best option to learn, provided both cover different aspects of the development environment and have different scope.

4. Is the future favoring Java or Python?

The future of both Java and Python is quite bright. So, it is tough to define who will be the leading programming language in the future.

5. Can Python be used for mobile app development?

Yes, it can be used for mobile app development with the help of a cross-platform framework, Kivy.

The post Java vs Python: Who is Winning the Coding Battle? appeared first on Appinventiv.

{Have a look at our detailed article on “why should businesses choose Android apps for business”}

While on one hand, various new programming languages and technologies are getting into the limelight for making the different app development processes more efficient. Whereas, on the other hand, many existing web and app development technologies are disappearing from the graph.  

In a scenario like this, keeping yourself updated with what’s the most popular programming languages in USA is necessary for both the developers and businesses to build profitable solutions.

The other thing to keep in mind is the choice of selecting the best programming language for iOS App Development or Android Development.

Taking the same thought forward, here we have created a list of Top 12 Best Programming Languages for 2021. In this list, every new system-level programming language is included to keep you up-to-date with the emerging trends.

1. Java

When talking about the top programming languages to prefer in 2021, Java tops the programming languages list. The language was once the primary language for Android development. But with the advent of Kotlin, many apps have switched from Java to Kotlin for futuristic services. However, this has not made a major difference in its market popularity.

This one of the most popular programming languages is still considered by leading enterprise mobile application development companies and introduced into the software development plan both as a backend and frontend programming language due to its impressive features, like:-

1. 1. • Ease of use
      • Enhanced performance
      • Higher productivity
      • Improved polyglot programming, etc.

2. C

C, also called the backbone of the software world, also lands into the list of most popular programming languages to focus upon this year.

This one of the best programming languages became the winner of ‘Programming Language Hall of Fame 2019’ for giving deeper insights into how software actually functions on machines and thus, is used for building embedded systems and VR-based apps.

Besides, this one of most popular programming languages delivers high-end performance, reliability, and variety of context: making it the first choice of reputed brands including Oracle, Microsoft, Adobe, and Paypal.

3. Python

Python, which received the recognition of ‘Programming Language Hall of Fame’ by TIOBE in 2018 is also one of the best languages to consider in 2021 and beyond.

This one of the most used programming languages is used for creating different kinds of applications including scalable web solutions due to its characteristics such as easy-to-use, easy-to-deploy, and expeditiousness which made it the right tech stack for YouTube, Survey Monkey, and Pinterest.

Besides, this one of the best programming languages is also considered a prime choice for the sophisticated deep learning and ML app development processes.

4. C++

C++ is a general purpose, object-oriented and hybrid app development language to watch out for in the year 2021.

This one of the most popular programming languages, often considered as a superset of C, is stable and comes loaded with ample ready-to-use libraries. But, what makes the language capable of enjoying wider community support and becoming a part of the technology stack of popular brands is its extensive library support and speed.

5. C#

C# is yet another multi-platform and most used coding language that is enjoying a huge momentum these days. 

The language, being one of the technology stack of top brands like Microsoft Intel and Hewlett Packard,  is often considered by both app developers, software engineers, web developers, and automation test experts because of features like:-

1. 1. • Strong typing
      • String interpolation
      • Auto property initializers
      • Exception filters, etc.JavaScript

6. JavaScript

JavaScript, which was holding the first position in the 10 most in-demand programming languages list last year, has experienced a decline in its ranking. But, it is still considered as one of the most used programming languages for both frontend and backend services in the mobile industry.

As per the Stack Overflow’s annual survey of 2019 , 67.8% of developers employ a highly efficient and flexible language like JavaScript to build interactive web pages, exhibit dynamic content and make the transition from web to mobile platform.

Besides, this one of the most used programming languages also provides developers with an exquisite collection of frameworks as shared in our JS framework guide which increases its popularity in the market and makes it the right fit for Linux, Mac OS X, SunOS, and Android.

7. PHP

Despite the competition from different server-side environments like Node.js and Python, PHP remains the star of the sector. And the credit of this popularity goes to the frameworks that make it one of the best and most useful programming languages for app development and the fact that 83% of websites on the Internet are based on this backend programming language.

[Read More: Top 10 PHP Frameworks to Consider for Successful App Development in 2020]

8. SQL

Though various database technologies exist in the IT industry, SQL (Standard Query Language) is still one of the top programming languages in demand. 

This one of the most useful programming languages founded by IBM Research center in 1974, is simple and reliable in nature and offers exclusive database management services to business developers.

9. Swift

Swift has not only become the most used coding language for iOS development, superseding Objective-C, but has also emerged as a trending programming language 2021 with a steep rise in its popularity as noted in the Google Trends graph below.

Introduced back in WWDC 2014, Swift, one of the top computer programming languages, is faster, easy to learn, secure, and has various other features that make it a best language for app development for iPhones, iPads, and macOS. Due to such features, it is considered as a highly efficient and flexible language.

10. Go

Also known as “Golang”, Go programming language has also made its entrance into the list of 2021’s top programming languages. 

The language, with its concise and easy-to-embrace syntax and faster compilation characteristics, has not just become the favorite of SoundCloud, Google, Netflix, and other such popular brands. But, it has also proven to be one of the best options to get higher salaries.

11. Scala

Scala is another popular programming language. This one of the most common programming languages was primarily designed to resolve the issues developers face with another language, Java. Scala is a general purpose programming language that supports both – object-oriented and functional programming paradigms. It offers exceptional features such as lazy computation, string interpolation, type inference, great scalability, and many others. This one of the most popular programming languages is being widely used in the area of Web Development, Data Science, and Machine Learning. Several tech giants like Netflix, eBay and Twitter are using this one of the most common programming languages for their respective products and platforms. 

12. Kotlin

From the day Kotlin was introduced as an official Android app development language, it has enjoyed a skyrocketing rise in its popularity. It has not only registered itself as the first preference for building Android mobility solutions, but also got established as one of the most loved programming languages by mobile app developers, posing as a strong contender in the battle of Kotlin vs Java.

What’s more interesting is that the kotlin language has extended itself beyond mobile, in the form of Kotlin Multiplatform and is giving a tough competition to Flutter in the cross-platform market. A detailed information about which is covered in our Kotlin vs Flutter comparison blog.

[ Also Read: Kotlin vs Scala: Choose Right JVM Language for App Developers]

While these were the top 12 computer programming languages for 2021, there are various other trending programming languages that are gaining huge momentum in the mobile industry and are supposed to join the league. A few of which we will be covering in the next section.

Top 6 Emerging Programming Languages to Look for in the Future

1. MATLAB

MATLAB, the proprietary language of MathWorks, has also landed into the most popular coding languages list for 2021.

It is one of the best coding languages to learn in 2021 that delivers a myriad of options to developers, such as:-

1. 1. • ease to plot functions and data and implement algorithms, 
      • ability to create high-end GUIs, data-focused and scientific research apps.
      • Best language for app development
      • opportunity to work with codes written in C, C++, C#, Java, Python, and Fortran, etc. 
      • Facility to enjoy higher coding efficiency and productivity, etc.

2. Rust

Introduced in 2010 by Mozilla and Graydon Hoare, this one of the best coding languages inspires developers to build efficient and reliable software. Rust is a decent alternative to C/C++ because it is fast yet safe and memory-efficient. It was also crowned the “most loved” technology in StackOverflow’s 2016 developer survey. This one of the most popular coding languages is used to develop operating systems, game engines, VR apps, and other systems where performance is critical. Unlike most programming languages out there, Rust has no intermediate layer like virtual machines.

3. R

R is also one of the most commonly used mobile app languages to introduce into your app development process. 

Developed in 1993 by Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka, this one of the best coding languages is highly preferred for building healthcare, government and enterprise mobility solutions because of its built-in machine learning algorithms and data analytics functionalities.

4. Dart

Dart, the language behind Google’s cross-platform development framework Flutter, is also showing a huge momentum in the market. This is why it has landed in the most popular  coding languages list of 2021. 

This one of the most popular coding languages, since its inception in 2013, is providing ample benefits like clean and simple code syntax, higher productivity, support to JIT compilation and AOT compilation, ease of compilation to fast Native code, impeccable tooling support, and more. The language, just like Golang, has also fit into the category of programming languages with the ‘Scalable JavaScript’ tag.

5. Ruby

Ruby is also one of the top coding languages to consider in 2021. It is considered a user-friendly and open source programming language. Ruby has simple syntax and allows a developer to do more with less code. It is quite easy and fast to develop projects as there are a large number of open source code available within the community.

6. Bosque

Bosque, one of the emerging programming languages, is a creation of Microsoft. The language looks to enhance developers’ productivity, software quality and provide an array of new compilers and developer tooling experience. 

Bosque is inspired by the types and syntax of TypeScript, along with the semantics of ML and one of the best OOP-based programming languages ― JavaScript.

Now that we’ve covered the latest programming languages used in the industry, it’s quite possible that you’re confused with which one to pick for your app project.

Let us help you pick the right and most useful programming languages.

How to Choose the Right Programming Language for Apps in 2021?

The decision of which programming language is best in 2021 what is the most popular programming language for your app project depends on three factors, namely:-

1. App purpose

The main reason why you want to develop an app is helpful in picking the right language.

For example, if you want to create your presence on the web, PHP is the right programming language to go with as it holds the title of being one among the best programming languages for mobile apps 2019. If you need a programming language for database management, SQL is helpful.  But, if you want to add AI features to your app, the Python programming language is a good option.

2. Language characteristics

Are you developing a native mobile app or investing in Cross-platform app development? Are you looking for an open-source or licensed option? What type of technologies and features are you planning to introduce to your app development process? What level of security do you want to add to your mobility solution? These questions will help you to understand the technical requirements of your business app solution and thus, select the best programming language for app development.

For example, suppose you want to build an app based on the Machine Learning concept. If you are looking for a programming language with years of existence, Python is the right choice, for it is among the most useful programming languages. But, if you are ready to go with a newcomer based on the options it avails, TypeScript is apt for you.

Likewise, if you are planning to make your presence only in the Apple market, Swift is the preferred language for iOS development. But, when it comes to making an app for both iPhone and Android, going with JavaScript is a profitable deal, as it is deemed as a swift and versatile programming language by Github.

3. Local ecosystem

Last but not least, the decision of which top coding languages to prefer also depends on the skill set of your inhouse or hired developers. 

If you choose a programming language out of this most used programming languages list, you’ll experience a smooth app development experience. Your app project will face lower challenges and reach the market at the earliest.

But, on the flip side, the app development timeline might increase, hidden costs would more often be added to the overall app development cost and your app might fail to take the best advantages of the chosen language if they do not have a sound knowledge of the language you choose.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the best programming language in 2021?

Once we go through the article given above, we can easily conjecture that languages such as JavaScript, Python, Kotlin and others are rapidly becoming the most widely used and preferred programming languages around the world. It is their utilitarian features that have earned them this fame.

2. What is the hardest programming language?

Languages like COW, Whitespace, Chef, Intercal, etc are reckoned as the most difficult and strangest programming languages ever to exist. 

3.  What is the easiest programming language?

If you were wondering what are the easiest programming languages that you can hone to get started as a software developer, then let us tell you that JavaScript, Java, PHP, Ruby, and Go are some of the languages that are loved by developers and are pretty easy to learn.

4. Should I learn Java or Python?

If you are a layman or a fresher, then Java is perfect to be your first programming language. It is so, because unlike Python, Java is said to be more explicit and strict, which is a good thing for you as a beginner. 

5. Is C++ faster than Python?

  C++ is much more fast and efficient than Python at runtime. However, Python is far more efficacious during the development process.

6.  Is Python more powerful than C++?

Yes. Python is a powerful programming language and the most used programming language as it provides the syntactical sugar that makes the code as simple and readable. 

7.  Is Java better than Python?

 Java and Python are both strong competitors and most used programming languages, so deciding which one is better is utterly situational and based on certain parameters like the purpose it is intended to be used for. Nevertheless, Java is more easy-to-use whereas, Python is famous for its fast speed.

Final Note

With the aforementioned factors and knowledge of the top 12 most used programming languages 2021, we hope that you will find it easier to make the right decision and build a successful approach to enter the mobile market. But, in case you encounter any challenge or still wondering what is the most popular programming language, feel free to consult a reputed mobile app development company USA. Working with a top-notch mobile application development company will speed up the app development process and offer you the best mobile app development services. 

The post Top 12 Programming Languages to Consider appeared first on Appinventiv.

And ever since its launch, the version has been an active source of discussion among the various Google developers communities.

While it’s the technical features and improvisations that Angular 5.0 has been launched is what making the developers swoon over it, let us look at why you, as a brand that has decided to launch a mobile app, should have a peek at it, as well.

But before we get into the reasons that would make investing in Angular 5.0 for your next app, let us look at the upgrades this version has got over its previous one, very briefly.

How is Angular 5.0 Different From its other Versions

1. Build Optimizer
   With Angular 5.0, Google has been able to mark the parts of users’ app as pure, which removes the parts of users’ application which aren’t needed. It even removes the Angular decorators from the users’ application code run time. The aim is to increase your app’s boot speed.
2. Angular Universal State Transfer API
   The API is focused specifically on helping the developers perform the server-side rendering of the Angular applications. By doing this and then bootstrapping it on HTML generated, one can give support to the crawlers and scrapers, which do not support JavaScript, thus increasing your application’s performance.
   
3. New Router Lifecycle Event
   It allows the developers to track cycle of their router from the very start of the running guards till the completion of the activation.
   
4. Improvements in Compiler
   The improvements now provide fast rebuilds, Specifically for the production builds and those with AOT. There have also been features addition in the Decoraters, which now makes it possible to ship small bundles by eliminating the whitespaces.
   

While these are just the few, there are a lot many additions in the Angular 5.0 version, making it one of the best Google’s tools for Application Development.

Now that you must have gotten the idea of the latest Angular version and what it entails, let us now look at some of the reasons that make Angular 5.0 worth investing for any brand looking to enter the mobile world with their partner app development agency.

Reasons to Choose Angular 5.0 for your next Mobile App

1. Reduced Loading Time

A greater loading time implies greater user dissatisfaction and lowering user patience. A factor that translates in greater app abandonment numbers, and greatly dissatisfied customers along with poor productivity. All of which can be tackled with one of the Google offerings – Progressive Web Apps.

Want to know about Progressive Web Apps? Read The Article Here

Angular 5.0 has introduced an API called the Service Worker that is made in sync with the concept of Progressive Web Apps.  The API, which is also used to migrate websites into PWA, is the JavaScript Worker, which runs in browser background and even allows the admissions of features, which don’t need any involvement of the web page and/or the user-interaction. Now with the API, when the app utilizes caches to serve its users, one can expect the app to showcase offline mode functionalities. This is a massive move for the Mobile Apps community, as the inability to serve users in offline mode has kept maximum mobile app brands in the back seat.

2. User Experience to Go Better with Enhanced Material Design

Material Design in mobile app is that comprehensive framework, which is mixed with resources, theories, and tools which are aims at providing the required guidance to make the mobile experience a creative one.

AngularJS 5 is to make Material Design components compatible with server-side rendering. Beyond doubt, this is no less than a reward for the UI-UX designers. The attempt by Google will help in improving the visual language that users understand the best irrespective of their ages. If you are an AngularJS developer, hold your breath as Google is yet in the process of eliminating a few bugs before releasing this functionality.

3. Lower App Abandonment Rate

The number reason behind app abandonment has been slug issues. When it comes to the app users, they have very less patience towards the apps that work slow and even worse is not responsive. Both the issues, clubbing as app’s poor performance together increases the app abandonment and bounce rates. But, no more.

{Read Also: Mobile Application Development Guide: Everything Worth Knowing}

Angular 5.0 has completely revamped the RAIL model (Response, Animation, Idle, and Load Model), which focuses on making the app much responsive towards its user’s actions. In the developer’s guidelines, Google has emphasized much strongly on faster user-interface, and Angular 5.0 is just the tool for that. The tools is expected to allow the users to be acknowledged within 100 ms, in case of no scrolling or animation, the page should appear in under 10 ms and lastly, for they should be delivered the content they came looking for within a time frame of 1000 ms.

The Build Optimizer feature of Angular 5.0 aims to do just that. As the tool comes in as default, the developers don’t have to do anything extra to make it come into the process. It helps reduce the mobile application size by leaving out the unnecessary codes. By introducing the StaticInjector instead of the ReflectiveInjector, Google has made it easy for the AngularJS developers to lower down their application size, substantially.

Angular JS 5 is all set to make the app industry faster and responsive. Are you ready for the future?

The post What does Angular 5.0 means for Mobile App Development? appeared first on Appinventiv.